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In Islam, marriage (nikah) is considered a sacred covenant, between a man and a woman. It comes with mutual rights and responsibilities, designed to ensure justice, compassion, and harmony in the marital relationship. Below is a summary of the rights of men and women in marriage from an Islamic perspective:
Rights of Women in Marriage
Mahr : A woman is entitled to a mahr, a mandatory gift given by the husband to the wife at the time of marriage. This is her exclusive right and cannot be taken from her.
Financial Maintenance : husband is obligated to provide for his wife’s food, clothing, shelter, medical needs, and general well-being, even if she is wealthy.
Respect and Dignity : A wife must be treated with kindness, respect, and dignity. Abuse, whether physical, emotional, or verbal, is strictly prohibited.
Consent in Marriage : A woman’s consent is mandatory for a valid marriage. Forced marriages are invalid in Islam.
Right to Education and Work: : A woman has the right to seek knowledge and work, provided it does not compromise her Islamic values and marital responsibilities.
Right to Keep Her Identity and Property : A woman retains her own name, property, and wealth after marriage. She is not obligated to spend on the household.
Right to Sexual Fulfillment and Companionship : Islam emphasizes mutual physical and emotional satisfaction in marriage.
Right to Seek Divorce : A woman may seek divorce through khula if the marriage becomes unbearable, subject to certain conditions.
Rights of Men in Marriage
Obedience in Marital Matters : A wife is encouraged to cooperate with her husband in lawful matters and to support the family structure with mutual understanding.
Sexual Rights : A husband has the right to intimacy and companionship, and this must be approached with kindness and mutual respect.
Respect and Support : A husband has the right to be respected, supported, and not defied unjustly in family matters.
Right to Leadership of the Household : Islam designates the husband as the head of the household, but this leadership is a responsibility, not superiority, and must be exercised with justice and compassion.
Right to Wife’s Faithfulness and Modesty : The husband has the right to expect loyalty, chastity, and that the wife protects his household in his absence.
Right to Divorce : A man has the right to pronounce divorce (talaq) responsibly and thoughtfully, while adhering to Islamic procedures.
Shared Responsibilities
Mutual Consultation and Decision-Making
Kindness and Mercy (Qur’an 30:21)
Protection of Privacy
Raising Children Together
Emotional and Spiritual Support
Relevant Quranic Verse :“And among His signs is this: that He created for you mates from among yourselves, that you may dwell in tranquility with them, and He has put love and mercy between your hearts...”
(Surah Ar-Rum 30:21)